Lorazepam

Lorazepam – Overview

Lorazepam is a prescription benzodiazepine medication used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, and to provide sedation before medical procedures. It works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a natural calming chemical in the brain, which helps reduce excessive nerve activity and promotes relaxation.

Commonly known by its brand name Ativan, Lorazepam belongs to a class of drugs that act as central nervous system depressants. It helps relieve symptoms such as excessive worry, agitation, panic attacks, or restlessness, while also improving sleep and easing tension in patients with acute stress or anxiety.

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How Lorazepam Works

Lorazepam increases the activity of GABA receptors in the brain, which slows down nerve signals and produces a tranquilizing effect. This action makes it effective for managing anxiety, panic symptoms, and acute agitation. It is also used in hospitals to help with seizure control and sedation during surgeries or procedures.

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Medical Uses

Anxiety and Panic Disorders

Short-term Treatment of Insomnia

Seizure Management (including status epilepticus)

Preoperative Sedation or Anxiolysis

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Dosage and Administration

Lorazepam is available in tablet, liquid, and injectable forms. The dosage varies depending on the patient’s condition, age, and response to treatment. It should be taken exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional. Long-term use is generally discouraged due to the risk of dependence and tolerance.

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Warnings and Precautions

Lorazepam is a controlled substance (Schedule IV) with a potential for dependence, tolerance, and abuse, especially when used for long periods or in high doses. It should not be combined with alcohol, opioids, or other CNS depressants, as this can lead to respiratory depression or death.

Avoid use if you have:

Severe respiratory problems

Narrow-angle glaucoma

History of substance abuse

Liver disease (consult your doctor)

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Possible Side Effects

Common side effects include:

Drowsiness or fatigue

Dizziness

Weakness

Blurred vision

Confusion (especially in elderly patients)

Serious side effects may include shallow breathing, memory loss, mood changes, or allergic reactions. Seek medical help immediately if these occur.

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Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Lorazepam should not be used during pregnancy unless prescribed by a doctor. It can cause withdrawal symptoms or respiratory problems in newborns. The drug may also pass into breast milk, so breastfeeding while taking Lorazepam is generally not recommended.

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Storage Information

Store Lorazepam in a cool, dry place, away from heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and never share it with others, even if they have similar symptoms.

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Disclaimer

This content does not replace medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before using Lorazepam or any other prescription medication.